Taxpayer, an Indiana S corporation, operates a convenience store/gas station in Indiana, which also sells hot and cold food (meals) prepared in its on-site kitchen. Taxpayer has one shareholder ("Shareholder"), who resides in Indiana.
In late 2012, the Indiana Department of Revenue ("Department") audited Taxpayer's business records. Pursuant to the audit, the Department found that Taxpayer failed to maintain adequate records as statutorily required. Based on the best information available at the time of the audit, the Department thus determined that Taxpayer had additional taxable sales inside its store, which resulted in additional income of Taxpayer. Since Taxpayer is an S corporation, its income subsequently flowed through to Shareholder as a result. The Department's audit assessed Taxpayer additional sales tax. The Department's audit also imposed additional income tax on Shareholder.
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The Department's audit imposed additional sales tax on the ground that Taxpayer failed to maintain its source documents, including cash register tapes (also known as z tapes), in determining the proper amount of sales tax. Taxpayer, to the contrary, claimed that the Department's audit assessment is incorrect. Specifically, Taxpayer disagreed with the Department's audit methodology, claiming that the Department's audit did not consider some of Taxpayer's purchases were exempt, which would have reduced its tax liability.
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During the audit period, Taxpayer did not maintain and produce adequate records despite the Department's field auditor's repeated requests. The Department's audit noted that, in relevant part, that:
Taxpayer did not present for audit source sales documents (cash register tapes /z-tapes). From the early stages of the audit, the auditor instructed POA to advise Taxpayer to retain all z-tapes so Taxpayer could provide source documents for audit. Because notification of the audit was in late 2012, the reporting year 2012 was included in the audit period and as such Taxpayer had sufficient notification to retain source documents for October through December 2012. Additionally, POA was also advised to instruct Taxpayer to retain all future z-tapes as some early month 2013 z-tapes may be . . . relied upon to lend support to reported or audited sales.
Ultimately, Taxpayer did not retain or provide any z-tapes during the audit even when the auditor on March 1, 2013, requested the February 2013 Close Report (z-tape). Taxpayer stated [that] it was not available.
As an alternative, the Department eventually reviewed records of Taxpayer's purchases and bank accounts although all records were incomplete. Based on the best information available, the Department proceeded to conclude the audit, imposing additional sales tax on the additional taxable sales.
Taxpayer asserted that the audit's "methodology is incorrect because it does not match the verifiable bank records, because it does not match the original spreadsheet records of [Taxpayer], and because it does not match the actual purchase invoices of [Taxpayer]." Taxpayer also asserted that the audit did not "include Stanz Cheese and Gordon's Food Services in its exemption percentage calculation," which could have reduced Taxpayer's tax liability. To support its protest, Taxpayer's representative compiled several Excel Spreadsheets, which contained Taxpayer's calculations as compared to the Department's audit workpapers. However, without the required source documentation to support Taxpayer's numbers, the representative's Excel Spreadsheets could not be verified. In addition to copies of its 2009, 2010, 2011, and 2012 monthly bank statements, Taxpayer submitted copies of "Sales Report[s]," which was information compiled by Taxpayer and manually recorded in an Excel worksheet created by Taxpayer. Relying on its "Sales Reports" as its source documents, Taxpayer claimed the Department's audit assessments were incorrect.
Taxpayer is mistaken. First, pursuant to IC § 6-8.1-5-4(a), Taxpayer is required to keep books and records, which are "all source documents . . . including invoices, register tapes, receipts, and canceled checks" so the Department can determine Taxpayer's liability. Taxpayer did not do so. Rather, Taxpayer claimed that its bank statements and "Sales Reports" are its source documents. Upon review, however, the Department is not able to agree. Taxpayer's bank statements simply summarized its monthly financial transactions, such as deposits, transfers, or withdrawals for the years at issue, concerning its two bank accounts; its bank statements failed to show any sales transactions occurred inside its convenience store during the tax years at issue and the amount of the sales tax that should have been collected. Thus, the Department is not able to agree with Taxpayer that its bank statements are the source documentation under IC § 6-8.1-5-4(a).
Additionally, Taxpayer's "Sales Reports" were prepared and compiled by Taxpayer on a daily and/or monthly basis. Taxpayer's "Sales Reports" first contained the total daily sales tax amount in each of eight categories: "FOUNTAIN," "DELI TAX," "POP," "CANDY," "GROTAX," "CAT15," "CIGARETTE," and "MERCHANDISE." Taxpayer then totaled the sales tax for that month for each of those categories. Taxpayer's "Sales Reports" did not contain any records of each retail transaction (i.e., what items were sold on each transaction) that occurred inside its store; rather, the "Sales Reports" simply attempt to summarize Taxpayer's total sales of each category for specific day or month. Thus, in the absence of the z-tape, the Department also is not able to agree with Taxpayer that its "Sales Reports" are the source documentation under IC § 6-8.1-5-4(a).
In short, Taxpayer not only failed to adequately maintain its books and records, but also failed to provide documentation to substantiate its above assertion. Thus, given the totality of the circumstances, in the absence of other supporting documentation, the Department is not able to agree that Taxpayer met its burden of proof to demonstrate that the proposed assessment is wrong.
