Saturday, July 7, 2012

Revenue Finds Drop Shipments and Software Exempt from Sales Tax but Finds Labels not Entitled to Manufacturing Exemption

Taxpayer is an Indiana business which manufactures various architectural glass products. The Department of Revenue ("Department") conducted an audit review of Taxpayer's business records…  The Department assessed Taxpayer sales/use tax. The assessment was based on a sample of Taxpayer's transactions. According to the audit report, "[S]ales transactions not supported by an exemption certificate or other documentation constitute[d] audit errors."


Taxpayer has provided copies of seven different exemption certificates which Taxpayer asserts establish that transactions otherwise contained within the sample were exempt from sales/use tax…  Taxpayer has met its burden of demonstrating that the exemption certificates establish that a number of the transactions contained within the sample were exempt from sales/use tax. The audit should be corrected to remove the relevant transactions.


Taxpayer disagrees with the inclusion of two transactions with two different vendors on the ground that the transactions with these two vendors represent "drop shipments."


In effect, Taxpayer necessarily relies on the exemption set out in IC § 6-2.5-5-8(b) which states:  Transactions involving tangible personal property other than a new motor vehicle are exempt from the state gross retail tax if the person acquiring the property acquires it for resale, rental, or leasing in the ordinary course of the person's business without changing the form of the property.

Taxpayer has provided documents labeled "Statement of Drop Shipment" meeting the requirements set out in Sales Tax Information Bulletin 57 (March 1995). Therefore, Taxpayer has met its burden under IC § 6-8.1-5-1(c) of establishing that the subject transactions are exempt pursuant to IC § 6-2.5-5-8(b) and that the audit assessment should be adjusted to reflect that determination.


Taxpayer argues that it is not subject to sales or use tax on the money it pays for a software maintenance agreement on the ground that the software directly affects the production of its glass products.

Taxpayer paid a company called "Softsolution" for a software maintenance agreement. It should be noted that Taxpayer paid a portion of the total cost for this agreement because the cost is allocated between related businesses found in different states.  The software is used to digitize production drawings and then to use that digitized information to guide the fabrication of Taxpayer's glass products.

As such, the software comes within the ambit of 45 IAC 2.2-5-8(c) which states that:  The state gross retail tax does not apply to purchases of manufacturing machinery, tools, and equipment to be directly used by the purchaser in the production process provided that such machinery, tools, and equipment are directly used in the production process; i.e., they have an immediate effect on the article being produced. Property has an immediate effect on the particle being produced if it is an essential and integral part of an integrated process which produces personal property.


In the case of this particular software maintenance agreement, it is unnecessary for Taxpayer to rebut the presumption that the vendor supplies "updates and patches" because – given the fact that the software itself is exempt – any updates and patches that would be supplied would also be exempt. Therefore, the software maintenance agreement – because it provides for services and putatively exempt "tangible personal property" – is also exempt.


Taxpayer argues that it was not subject to sales/use tax on the purchase of product labels and that it should be given a credit for the tax it did pay.

Taxpayer purchased labels from "Arrow Graphics" located in Kentucky. Tax was not paid to Kentucky but Taxpayer self-assessed use tax on the transactions.


In this case, Taxpayer has not met its burden under IC § 6-8.1-5-1(c) of establishing that it is entitled to the exemption. While Taxpayer's labels may be required by its customers and/or an essential component within Taxpayer's distribution process, the labels do not become "material parts" of Taxpayer's products. The labels do not "constitute a material or integral part of the finished product." The labels are not essential to Taxpayer's finished products and do not affect the performance or utility of those finished products.